This report contains an analysis of gas sector value chains and downstream policy tradeoffs. It is intended to enhance the capacity of regional member countries to strike a balance between maximizing revenue from production of natural resources, and integrating them into national economies through downstream processing. Achieving this balance will advance the African Development Bank’s drive to industrialize Africa. Increasing downstream processing capacity presents a significant challenge for both the private sector and government. The report recommends that policymakers assess both barriers and economic benefits associated with downstream processing in order to make informed policy choices.